Home energy saving

Saving energy plays a key role in preventing environmental disasters. The rational utilization of energy is one of the most pressing issues for mankind. Modern economies are based on the use of energy resources, the reserves of which are becoming depleted and cannot be renewed.Every household has some impact on the environment. It was as if she was connected to a single life support system. Through the channels of this system - electricity and heating networks, water supply, gas pipes, through trade, households, utilities, supply organizations and businesses, we get everything we need for the normal maintenance of our homes. My family is no exception. If everyone cares about the use of natural resources, saves energy, water, and reduces the use of single-use packaging materials, they will help prevent environmental disasters around the world.Using my home as an example, I decided to conduct a study on saving energy consumption in my home. My projects help me consciously conserve resources in my house, save money on consumed resources, improve my life, and achieve greater comfort.The issue of energy conservation is not only relevant to my family, school, region, and country, but also to the whole world. Saving energy reduces your own costs and your impact on the environment. To create an energy-saving culture, the first step is training in practical actions, especially the rational use of electricity, the use of new technologies, and the use of energy-saving appliances and lights.Project Objectives: Learn to use electricity with maximum benefit and minimum cost in daily life.Project Objectives:

• Talk about electricity usage in daily life, why you need to conserve electricity and what methods you can use to do this.
• During the research part of the project, the apartment's energy passport is filled out and the electricity consumption is measured and analyzed.
• Identify measures to reduce energy costs.
• The subject of this study is energy conservation in daily life.

Research Hypothesis: I can hypothesize that my family can make a viable contribution to energy conservation, thereby saving the planet.

main part

Home energy savingWhat do we mean by energy conservation? Energy conservation is a series of measures to save and rationally utilize electricity and heat. Due to the shortage of basic energy, the increase in production costs and global environmental problems, energy conservation has become one of mankind's top priorities.Every year, the cost of producing fuel and energy becomes higher and higher, and it becomes clear that the unnecessary waste of energy, especially the improper use of electricity or energy equipment, is not only unethical, but also a blow to the wallet, the more it becomes clear. The further away, the more serious it is.Therefore, the main principle of modern homes is energy conservation. Unfortunately, we rarely think about how and how much energy we expend to solve a specific problem. We often use too much energy when we could be saving it.Since January 1, 2011, according to this law, the circulation of incandescent lamps with a power of more than 100 watts has been completely banned. Since 2014, the circulation of lamps with power above 25W has been completely banned.

Why save energy

You need to conserve energy to reduce harmful impacts on the environment. Unfortunately, no one can save energy just by pressing a button or switch. Sure, you can turn off the power completely, but how long can one live in an apartment without power? This is unlikely to suit anyone. Therefore, the issue of how to save energy at home is a matter of great concern to everyone, including me. But there's another reason energy costs are rising - people have more and more appliances in their apartments and houses. As a result, the load on the substation increases, requiring more frequent repairs or the installation of a more powerful substation. Energy saving is the cheapest and most environmentally friendly energy "source". This is an energy-saving approach based on the use of energy-saving technologies designed to reduce energy losses.

Ways to save energy

If every household learns a few useful rules and implements them systematically, they are perfectly capable of reducing household electricity consumption by nearly half without causing significant damage to human comfort. The most effective way is to replace incandescent lamps with energy-saving fluorescent lamps or LED lamps.Equipment that is in standby mode and not used for a long time must be turned off (computers, TVs, chargers, microwave ovens, etc. ). It is recommended to use the washing machine with maximum load.You need to make it a habit to turn off the lights or chandeliers when you leave the room for an extended period of time. Boil only the required amount of water in your electric kettle and descale it regularly.Clean your vacuum cleaner's dust bin more often. Turn on the air conditioner and close the doors and windows.If you are away for an extended period of time or are leaving, turn off all appliances except the refrigerator.Desks and computers should be positioned to take advantage of natural light.I think that if you follow the energy-saving rules established for a period of time, the invented energy-saving methods will become a habit in the home. That’s why there are energy-saving labels on refrigerators and warning signs on every switch that my sister and I painted for our home.

research section

The number of appliances in our homes continues to increase, and so do our electricity bills. This is not surprising as there are 6 other people living in the house with me. A very pressing question we face is: How to save energy in your home? I started my experiment. The first thing I did was create an energy passport for my home. Second, I looked at how much electricity we spent when we were living ordinary lives and not specifically monitoring energy savings. Third, I set conditions for two weeks at home: save money and not waste electricity. After analyzing all the data, I suggested that my dad replace the lights in some rooms of our house with energy-saving lamps.

My home’s energy passport

I analyzed the electricity usage in my home and compiled a table with the wattage of household appliances and a table of lighting fixtures for all the rooms in the house. Table of the most commonly used household appliances in our home:

No.	Device name	Power consumption, W
1	washing machine	2300
2	Vacuum cleaner	2100
3	refrigerator	400
4	microwave	1500
5	food processor	1200
6	Grill	1300
7	mixer	750
8	TV 1	67
9	TV 2	80
10	TV 3	80
eleven	hair dryer	2000

Lighting schedule for all rooms in our home:

Room type	Lamp Type	Light fixture type	Power, W
1st Floor
living room	ceiling	lead	9 watts × 2 = 18 watts
kitchen	ceiling	lead	11 watts × 12 = 132 watts
bath	ceiling	lead	9 wide x 5=45 watts
corridor	lamp	Energy saving	11 watts × 1 = 11 watts
food pantry	chandelier	Energy saving	11 watts × 1 = 11 watts
2nd Floor
Room 1	chandelier	Energy saving	11 watts × 3 = 33 watts
	desk lamp	Energy saving	11 watts × 2 = 22 watts
Room 2	ceiling	lead	11 watts × 4 = 44 watts9 watts × 1 = 9 watts
Room 3	chandelier	glow	36 watts x 1=36 watts
Room 4	chandelier	Energy saving	11 watts × 3 = 33 watts
corridor	lamp	glow	36 watts x 1=36 watts

The table shows that among household appliances, washing machines consume the highest energy, followed by vacuum cleaners and hair dryers, although the latter are used less frequently.

Power consumption measurement and analysis

The purpose of this experiment is to calculate the cost of consuming electrical energy. The first period is normal consumption, and the second period is savings.

date	Reflection from the beginning of this week	Meter reading on weekends	energy usedkilowatt/hour	pricewipe.
October 8 to October 22, 2017	5117	5324	207	730. 71
October 23 to November 6, 2017	5340	5501	161	568. 33

The electricity prices used are: 1 kW/h - 3 rubles 53 kopecks.It can be seen that the table shows that during the two weeks of economic electricity consumption, our family received162 rubles 38 kopecks.I have seen in practice that electricity is wasted if the appliance is plugged in but not used, or if the appliance is in standby mode.At work, my hypothesis was confirmed. We have found ways to save electricity, but, except for the older generation (grandparents), it is difficult for family members to save electricity all the time. This is why energy conservation is not yet a habit in our homes at this stage, but is currently only an experimental condition.I think that if you follow the energy-saving rules established for a while, the invented energy-saving methods will become a habit in our family.

Save money on your family budget

I decided to calculate how much energy would be wasted if appliances were turned on but not used. Knowing the wattage of these devices, I was able to calculate how much power the TV consumed when it was on (we have three TVs! ) and when not in use. If the TV is only turned on and not used for 2 hours a day, it consumes 13. 8 kWh of energy per month. Over the course of a year this will amount to 165. 6 kW/h, in some cases this interval is longer, on average 6 hours, so they consume up to 41. 4 kW/h, over the course of a year – 496. 8kW/hour. For the family budget, it ranges from 49 rubles to 146 rubles per month. Annually this will be 585 rubles to 1754 rubles respectively. We think this is a huge savings for our extended family!There is one more experiment. Measure energy costs when the device is in standby mode.I unplugged the refrigerator and turned off the lights. Appliances stay on in standby mode: TV, washing machine, microwave, charger. I observed the instrument reading: the instrument panel made one revolution in 4 minutes. I did the math: 4 minutes - 1 revolution, 1 hour - 15 revolutions. If it is on standby for 20 hours a day, the annual energy consumption can reach 180 kilowatts/hour.Conclusion: The energy audit revealed that the apartment’s total electricity consumption per day was slightly more than 8 kW/h, which equates to a monthly electricity consumption of approximately 240-250 kW/h. All calculations were performed in autumn, when energy consumption is greatest due to short daylight hours. Also, I find that appliances consume a lot of energy when they are turned on but not in use, or when used on standby. This means that by turning them off, you can reduce energy costs and save money on your household budget.

in conclusion

In preparing the project, I not only studied and analyzed data obtained from measurements and experiments, but also took the initiative to replace outdated incandescent lamps with energy-saving lamps, proving their advantages. Currently, my apartment is equipped with LED and energy-saving lamps.This is the simplest energy-saving step a home can take; anyone can do it.Now imagine we manage to reduce power consumption by 100 W. This means we have saved:

• Coal - 48 kg
• Oil - 33 liters
• Natural gas - 35 cubic meters.

Research shows that if you use household appliances correctly, use energy-saving light bulbs, and don't leave appliances in standby mode, your home's energy costs can indeed be reduced and your household budget can be saved.Therefore, by studying the issue of how to conserve electricity and implementing various methods of saving energy, we are also taking care of future generations who will live on our planet.